Poster
# 57
Poster |
|
6th Internet World Congress for Biomedical Sciences |
Margot M.S. Naaijkens(1), A.A. van Sorge(2)
(1)Rijnstate Hospital - ARNHEM. Netherlands
(2)Rijnstate Hospital Arnhem - ARNHEM. Netherlands
|
 |
|
|
[Pharmacology] |
[Dermatology] |
The administration of drugs via the skin has benefits above oral administration. It is a non-invasive administration and is suitable for people who cannot use drugs orally (unconscious or vomiting). Also, the first-pass metabolism and gastro intestinal side effects can be avoided. However, it is difficult to reach therapeutic levels because of the difficulty for the druf to penetrate the skin barrier. Another disadvantage is inter-individual differences in penetration of the skin. Also, intra-individual differences do appear, because of the existence of multiple skin-types on one individual. To administrate drugs through the skin, the drug itself must comply to certain factors. The drug has to have, among others, a strong potency, must not exceed a certain molecular size (MW under 500 Dalton) and must not be irritating to the skin. The penetration of drugs through the skin can be influenced by the compounds in the topical preparation (1,2).
This study looks at the possibilities of the development of a 5% flurbiprofen hydrogel. The formulation of several commercial ibuprofen hydrogels was used as a starting point. These ibuprofen hydrogels are used for the treatment of muscle pain, soft tissue rheumatism and sport injuries. The hydrogel formulation is chosen because several studies with ibuprofen show that the hydrogel reaches higher plasma concentrations in shorter time than for example cream or unguent. In a study by Seth (3) different topical formulations (hydrogel, hydrophilic ointment, emulsion cream) of ibuprofen are compared. The parameters used are Cmax (maximum blood concentration) and Tmax (the time required for appearance of Cmax). This study shows that hydrogel reaches the highest Cmax with the shortest Tmax. The hydrophilic ointment shows the longest Tmax and lowest Cmax, the results of the emulsion cream are in between. The explanation given is that the water/ethanol mixture in the hydrogel increases the penetration and the absorption of ibuprofen through the skin to a greater extent than the lipophilic phase of the ointment and the emulsion cream. A study of Treffel (4) also shows higher epidermal concentration by using ibuprofen hydrogels than ibuprofen emulsions. Dominikus (5) has compared oral administration (tablet) with topical administration (hydrogel) of ibuprofen. Concentrations of ibuprofen in tissue and blood were examined. It shows that oral administration resulted in higher concentrations of ibuprofen in e.g. blood plasma and synovial fluid while topical administration gives higher concentrations in muscle tissue and subcutis.
The objective of this study is to prepare a clear and transparent flurbiprofen hydrogel with good consistency and cosmetic appearance. Both 5% ibuprofen as well as 5% flurbiprofen hydrogels are made. Of both substances the differences in solubility and pH behaviour (solubility by different pHs) are examined.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Pharmacology] |
[Dermatology] |
